【HR术语】什么是人力资源流程（What are HR processes?）
什么是人力资源流程？
人力资源流程是指支持员工生命周期和积极员工体验所需的基本战略。每个人力资源流程都遵循复杂的路径，需要根据具体参数和目标进行战略规划。虽然每个流程都有自己的程序，但所有流程都是相互依存的。
人力资源流程有哪些例子？
核心人力资源流程包括：
人力资源规划
招聘
甄选
招聘
入职
培训
员工关系
绩效考核
福利管理
绩效管理
离职
例如，让我们深入了解一下绩效管理，以了解流程是什么样的。绩效管理包括评估员工的生产力、效率和工作质量，同时通过辅导和培训提供绩效改进方案。作为一种人力资源流程，绩效管理包括以下内容：
建立清晰的公司愿景
制定切合实际的个人目标
持续提供建设性反馈
提供提高技能的机会
要设计有效的绩效管理流程，人力资源部门必须首先确保领导层与各部门的组织战略保持一致，确保绩效管理制度可信、透明，并确保有适当的框架来完成流程的每个步骤。只有这样，人力资源部门才能着手开展绩效管理流程，即规划、检查专业人员的工作情况并审查他们的工作表现。
人力资源领导为什么要关注人力资源流程？
人力资源流程就像组织的动脉，为每个部门输送命脉，促进整个公司的健康发展。系统化的方法可以帮助人力资源领导者促进高效的流程，从而提高工作效率、员工保留率和工作参与度。
人力资源流程和系统有什么区别？
系统是由相互依存的流程组成的统一整体。人力资源管理系统包含所有人力资源流程，形成一个具有凝聚力的单元，从而使公司能够管理其员工队伍，为客户提供有价值的服务或产品。如今，大多数人力资源系统都以软件为基础，涉及数字自动化。
什么是端到端人力资源流程管理？
端对端人力资源流程管理是指人力资源部门负责自始至终执行每一个人事流程。流程管理是全面的，包括将每项任务分解为更小的步骤，以便流程能够顺利进行。
例如，端到端的入职培训并不涉及人力资源团队必须在某个阶段完成的杂乱职责。相反，入职培训要求在流程开始和结束时采取一系列行动。初始阶段可能包括通过电子邮件向应聘者发出工作邀请、完成新员工文书工作以及发送信息欢迎包。
相比之下，最后阶段可能包括通过电子邮件向团队经理发送入职日程表，以及为新团队成员安排欢迎会。
人力资源流程自动化有哪些优势？
人力资源流程自动化可协助公司完成人力资源流程，如招聘、雇用、支付、提高技能和离职。自动化使人力资源流程更上一层楼，同时还能改善以下方面：
效率
劳动力规划
招聘
留住员工
员工体验
遵守劳动法
误差范围
人力资源领导者如何有效管理人力资源流程？
人力资源领导者可以在流程管理中采用以下方法：
审查目标。人力资源领导者应定期检查流程目标与公司目标是否一致。通过提出一系列以目标为导向的问题进行重新评估，人力资源部门可以确保他们朝着预期的方向前进。
让自动化发挥作用。人力资源技术自动化有助于流程更顺畅地运行。例如，团队成员和管理人员可以使用任务清单，而不是在待办事项清单上手写无数个项目。这样既能提醒人们自己的职责，又能方便地进行来回协作。在入职、离职和员工调动等流程中，技术自动化为专业人员之间的重要沟通提供了便利。
在框架内保持灵活性。使用久经考验的管理方法可以帮助人力资源部门跟踪进展，找出需要改进的地方，并重新设计实践，以更好地发挥作用。虽然基于数据的框架提供了结构和指导，但人力资源部门是与人打交道的，因此必须留有灵活性、批判性思维和不同观点的空间。因此，在每个人力资源流程中，人力资源部门都必须不断评估其劳动力数据，以确保这些数据始终如一地准确反映员工的情况。
倾听员工意见。关于人力资源部门如何更好地调整流程组件，员工可以提供各种建议、信息和经验。在开展员工满意度调查或绩效考核并获得多向反馈后，人力资源专业人员可以总结出如何在内部改进流程。
管理完善的人力资源流程如何改善公司文化？
无缝的人力资源流程对于持续提高工作效率至关重要。员工是任何公司最宝贵的资产，因此确保积极的员工体验至关重要。高效运行的人力资源流程可推动工作满意度、参与度和生产力的提高，这些都是健全的公司文化的关键要素。
以下为文章原文：
What are HR processes?
HR processes refer to the fundamental strategies necessary to support the employee lifecycle and a positive employee experience. Each HR process follows an intricate pathway that demands strategic planning according to specific parameters and objectives. While every process involves its own procedures, all processes are interdependent.
What are some examples of HR processes?
The core HR processes include:
Human resource planning
Recruitment
Selection
Hiring
Onboarding
Training
Employee relations
Performance appraisals
Benefits administration
Performance management
Offboarding
Let’s take an in-depth look at performance management, for example, to understand what a process looks like. Performance management involves evaluating people’s productivity, efficiency, and work quality while also offering performance improvement options through coaching and training. As an HR process, performance management encompasses:
Establishing a clear company vision
Setting realistic personal goals
Continuously providing constructive feedback
Offering upskilling opportunities
To design an effective performance management process, HR must first ensure alignment between leadership and each department’s organizational strategy, a credible and transparent performance management system, and an appropriate framework for completing each step of the process. Only then can HR get started with the performance management process of planning, checking in with professionals, and reviewing their job performances.
Why should HR leaders care about HR processes?
HR processes serve as an organization’s arteries, carrying the lifeblood to every department and nurturing company-wide health. Systemic approaches can help HR leaders promote efficient processes, thereby boosting productivity, retention, and engagement in the workplace.
What’s the difference between HR processes and systems?
A system is a unified whole made up of interdependent processes. An HR management system encompasses all HR processes, creating a cohesive unit so the company can manage its workforce and deliver valuable services or goods to its customers. Today, most HR systems are software-based and involve digital automation.
What is end-to-end HR process management?
End-to-end HR process management means that HR is responsible for carrying out every people process from start to finish. Process management is comprehensive, involving breaking down each task into smaller steps so the process can flow smoothly.
For example, end-to-end onboarding does not involve a mishmash of duties HR teams must accomplish at some point. Rather, onboarding demands a sequence of actions to take at the beginning and end of the process. The initial stages could include emailing a job offer to the candidate, completing new-hire paperwork, and sending an informational welcome package.
In contrast, the final stages may involve emailing the onboarding schedule to the team manager and scheduling a welcome meeting for the new team member.
What are the advantages of HR process automation?
HR process automation assists companies in their HR processes, such as recruiting, hiring, paying, upskilling, and offboarding their people. Automation brings HR processes to the next level while also improving:
Efficiency
Workforce planning
Recruitment
Retention
The employee experience
Compliance with labor laws
The margin of error
What can HR leaders do to manage HR processes effectively?
HR leaders can incorporate the following methods into their approach to process management:
Review objectives. HR leaders should regularly check that process objectives align with company goals. Reassessing by asking a series of goal-oriented questions allows HR to ensure they’re progressing in the desired direction.
Let automation do its job. HR tech automation helps processes function more smoothly. For instance, team members and managers can use task lists instead of handwriting an infinite number of items on a to-do list. These remind people of their responsibilities while simultaneously allowing for convenient back-and-forth collaboration. Tech automation facilitates this crucial communication between professionals during processes such as onboarding, offboarding, and employee transfers.
Maintain flexibility within the framework. Using tried-and-tested management methods can help HR track progress, pinpoint areas for improvement, and redesign practices for better functioning. While a data-based framework provides structure and guidance, HR deals with humans, so there must be room for flexibility, critical thinking, and differing perspectives. Thus, within each HR process, HR must continuously assess its workforce data to ensure it consistently and accurately reflects its people.
Listen to your people. Individuals offer wellsprings of advice, information, and experience about how HR can better adjust process components. After running an employee satisfaction survey or a performance review with multi-directional feedback, HR professionals can glean how to improve processes internally.
How can well-managed HR processes improve company culture?
Seamless HR processes are essential for continuous workplace productivity. As people are the most valuable asset of any company, ensuring a positive employee experience is critical. HR processes that flow efficiently drive results that drive job satisfaction, engagement, and productivity—key elements in a robust company culture.
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2024年06月21日
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【HR术语】什么是离职？（What is offboarding?）
什么是离职？
离职是让员工脱离公司职位的过程，这种做法既适用于选择离职的员工，也适用于被解雇的员工。
入职流程让人联想到登机（帮助新员工适应新工作），而离职流程则类似于下飞机（为员工离职提供结构化框架）。
一个好的离职计划应该：
将公司内部的混乱降至最低
保护公司机密信息
获得离职员工的有益反馈
包括一个亲切的欢送会
为什么离职对人力资源领导者很重要？
计划周密、顺利进行的离职计划是维护以下方面的关键：
公司声誉
数据安全
积极的公司文化
成功的离职让雇主和即将离职的团队成员在业务关系期间和结束后保持相互尊重的关系。
什么是离职政策？
离职政策是一项详细而正式的计划，概述了离职流程的方方面面，使离职人员和他们离开的组织在离职期间能够更顺利地过渡。如果没有明确的离职政策，雇主就很容易面临潜在的安全威胁和法律问题，同时还会损害公司与离职员工之间的关系。
离职政策有助于公司：
应对员工变动带来的后勤挑战，重新分配职责
制定离职面谈模板
为所有员工创造一致的离职体验
通过收回公司资产和撤销对公司账户的访问权限，将安全风险降至最低
防止出现法律问题，如合同纠纷、赔偿纠纷或不当解雇
保护与离职者的关系
什么是离职电子邮件？
离职电子邮件是雇主发出的正式声明，证明某人在组织中的工作已经结束。无论离职是由于辞职、退休还是解雇，人力资源部门都必须提供一封正式信函，以管理最后几天的雇佣关系。
离职电子邮件之所以重要，是因为：
它是对离职人员在公司期间所做贡献和所取得成就的认可
通常包括离职面试问题，或为前团队成员提供就其经历提供反馈的机会，这有助于公司随着时间的推移不断改进
所使用的具体措辞将影响离职员工在必要时从政府获得财政支持的资格或丧失资格
成功离职的最佳做法是什么？
人力资源部门可以制定一个全面、体恤员工的离职计划，其中包括以下内容：
更新同事信息。人力资源部门知道团队成员即将离职后，可以立即向公司成员发送电子邮件。这样可以最大限度地减少可能损害离职人员声誉的谣言。
起草必要的法律文件。辞职信或解雇信、福利文件和保密信都是保护雇主和员工的文件。最好提前准备好这些文件，并存储在公司的申请人跟踪系统中。
专业技能的转移。确保将离职团队成员的经验和知识整理好，为下一位员工做好准备。如果员工与客户有联系，可将客户邮件转发给同事。
收回公司财产。清点离职员工持有的所有物品，确保公司财产全部收回。这包括：笔记本电脑、门卡、ID 徽章、制服等。
与 IT 部门沟通。确保 IT 部门停用员工的计算机和内部计算机系统，并删除数据访问权限，从而保护公司隐私和机密信息。
计划离职面谈。力求对员工的需求和观点保持敏感。这是向离职员工了解公司需要改进的缺陷的重要机会。
表达感激之情。在员工踏上下一段旅程时，人力资源部门可以组织一个告别派对，并赠送个性化礼物，以表达善意。
推荐职业介绍服务。告知即将离职的团队成员，公司可以通过与职业介绍服务机构合作，帮助他们寻找新工作（如有必要）。这将为他们重返就业市场提供优势。
离职与入职
乍一看，入职和离职似乎是两个极端。相反，可以把入职和离职看作是一本书的第一章和最后一章： 导言部分是场景的铺垫，而结尾部分则是线索的收尾。然而，二者的复杂性和敏感性是相似的，都需要按部就班的计划、精心组织的文书工作和足够的技巧。
入职培训是让新团队成员熟悉组织、文化和员工的过程。相比之下，离职则侧重于与离职人员保持积极的关系，同时理清所有遗留问题，保护公司免受法律和安全威胁。
对于员工和组织而言，入职和离职都存在不确定性和风险。如果双方都没有做好准备，没有一个正规的流程，沟通不畅和不满情绪就会升级。
离职和回旋镖式员工
当公司花时间为离职团队成员创造积极的离职体验时，他们不仅能以良好的条件结束，还能为未来的可能性敞开大门。竞争日趋激烈的就业市场催生了一种被招聘人员称为 "回旋镖员工 "的现象--他们会回到自己曾经工作过的组织。
《企业文化与回流员工》的最新研究强调，有很多理由可以考虑聘用回流员工：
56% 的人力资源专业人士和 51% 的经理会优先考虑或非常优先考虑离职后表现良好的回流求职者
33% 的人力资源专业人士和 38% 的管理人员认为，熟悉公司文化和较少的培训需求是重新雇用前团队成员的最大好处
顺利的离职流程如何改善公司文化？
一个良好的离职流程对离职员工和留任员工都有好处，既能让离职员工以良好的条件离开，又能保持对公司的忠诚度和员工的参与度。
友好的离职也为 "回旋员工 "敞开了大门。这表明公司是如此优秀，值得员工再回来。
一个全面的离职流程应考虑到所有员工（包括离职员工和留任员工）的福利，这样才能让每个人都能更顺利地度过过渡期，并建立一种体现充满活力的福利精神的公司文化。
利用人力资源技术实现离职流程自动化
成功、顺利地完成离职流程所需的努力不容小觑。人力资源技术可以通过以下方式帮助组织和简化整个离职流程：
创建一致的离职流程
确保离职人员获得积极的离职体验
提供提示、流程图和核对表，确保所有必要的交接任务都得到执行
提供离职面谈脚本
自动执行特定的离职程序（某些程序可自动发送最终薪酬摘要等文件）
以下为文章原文：
What is offboarding?
Offboarding is the process of disengaging an employee from their position within a company, a practice used both for people who choose to leave, and for those who are laid off.
While the onboarding process is reminiscent of boarding a plane (and helps new hires acclimate to a new job), the offboarding process is akin to to disembarking (and provides employees with a structured framework when leaving a position).
A good offboarding program should:
Minimize disruption within the company
Protect confidential company information
Gain helpful feedback from the exiting employee
Include a gracious goodbye party
Provide the departing employee with outplacement services, if necessary
Why is offboarding important to HR leaders?
A well-planned and smooth offboarding program is key to maintaining:
Company reputation
Data security
Positive company culture
Successful offboarding allows the employer and the exiting team member to maintain a relationship of mutual respect during and after the end of the business relationship.
What is an offboarding policy?
An offboarding policy is a detailed and formalized plan, outlining every facet of the exit process and enabling a smoother transition during the offboarding period for both the person leaving and the organization they leave behind. Without a clear offboarding policy, employers leave themselves vulnerable to potential security threats and legal issues, along with damage to the relationship between the company and exiting employee.
An offboarding policy helps companies to:
Manage the logistical challenges of a changing workforce and reassign responsibilities
Develop an exit interview template
Create a consistent offboarding experience for all employees
Minimize security risks by reclaiming company assets and withdrawing access to company accounts
Prevent legal issues, e.g., contract disputes, compensation disputes, or wrongful termination
Protect their relationship with the person leaving
What is an offboarding email?
An offboarding email is a formal declaration from the employer evidencing the end of someone’s time with an organization. Whether offboarding is the result of a resignation, retirement, or termination, the HR department must provide a formal letter to manage the last days of employment.
An offboarding email is important because:
It’s an acknowledgement of the leaving person’s contributions and achievements during their time with the company
It often includes either exit interview questions or the opportunity for former team members to provide feedback on their experience, which can help the company to improve over time
The specific wording used will impact–either qualifying or disqualifying–the leaving employee’s recourse to financial support from the government, if needed
What are the best practices for successful offboarding?
HR can create a comprehensive and compassionate offboarding program which includes these components:
Update co-workers. HR can email company members as soon as they know team member will be leaving. This minimizes rumors that could potentially damage the departing person’s reputation.
Draw up necessary legal documents. A letter of resignation or termination, benefits documents, and a letter of non-disclosure are documents which protect both the employer and employee. It’s best to prepare these ahead of time and store in the company’s applicant tracking system.
Transfer of expertise. Ensure that the departing team member’s experience and knowledge is organized and ready for the next hire. If the employee was in contact with clients, forward client emails to a co-worker.
Retrieve company property. Keep an inventory of all items which the departing team member has in their possession, to ensure a full recovery of all company property. This includes: laptop, keycard, ID badges, uniform, etc.
Communicate with IT. Protect company privacy and classified information by ensuring IT deactivates the employee’s computer, internal computer systems, and removes data access.
Plan an exit interview. Aim to be sensitive to the person’s needs and perspective. This is a key opportunity to learn from the departing employee about company flaws which need to be improved upon.
Show gratitude. HR can organize a goodbye party and personalized gift to show goodwill, as the employee embarks on their next journey.
Recommend outplacement services. Inform the departing team member that the company can help them look for a new job (if necessary), through partnering with an outplacement services agency. This can provide them with an advantage when back in the job-market.
Offboarding vs. onboarding
At first glance, onboarding and offboarding appear to be at opposite ends of the spectrum. Instead, think of onboarding and offboarding as the first and last chapters of a book: The introduction sets the scene while the conclusion ties up any loose threads. Yet, both are similar in that the complexity–and sensitivity–of each requires step-by-step planning, meticulously organized paperwork, and plenty of tact.
Onboarding is the process of familiarizing new team members with their organization,its culture, and its people. Offboarding, in contrast, is focused on maintaining a positive relationship with the person leaving, while tying up any loose ends and protecting the company from both legal and security threats.
Neither onboarding nor offboarding are without uncertainty and risk for employees and organizations. Without preparation and a formalized process on both sides, miscommunication and discontent can escalate.
Offboarding and boomerang employees
When a company takes the time to create a positive offboarding experience for departing team members, they not only end on good terms, but leave the door open for future possibilities. An increasingly competitive job market has given rise to a phenomenon recruiters refer to as “boomerang employees”—people who return to an organization at which they were previously employed.
Recent research from The Corporate Culture and Boomerang Employee study highlighted there are plenty of reasons to consider hiring a boomerang employee:
56 percent of HR professionals and 51 percent of managers give high or very high priority to boomerang job applicants who left in good standing
33 percent of HR professionals and 38 percent of managers agree that familiarity with a company’s culture—and fewer training needs—are the biggest benefits of rehiring former team members
How can a smooth offboarding process improve company culture?
A good offboarding process benefits both the departing team member and those remaining, allowing the departing employee to leave on good terms, while maintaining company loyalty and employee engagement.
Amicable offboarding also leaves the door open to “boomerang employees.” This shows that the company is so good, it’s worth coming back to.
A comprehensive offboarding process which takes into account the wellbeing of all employees, those departing and those staying, can lead to a smoother transition period for everyone and builds a company culture that embodies a vibrant spirit of wellbeing.
Automating offboarding processes with HR tech
The effort required to successfully and smoothly complete an offboarding process cannot be underestimated. HR tech can help organize and streamline the entire exit process by:
Creating a consistent offboarding process
Ensuring that the person leaving has a positive exit experience
Offering prompts, flowcharts, and checklists to ensure that all necessary handover tasks are carried out
Providing an exit interview script
Automating specific offboarding procedures (some programs can automatically send documents such as final pay summaries)
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