【HR术语】什么是员工资源小组？（What is an employee resource group (ERG)?）
什么是员工资源小组（ERG）？
员工资源小组（ERG）是组织内基于共同的身份、价值观、兴趣、观点或目标而自愿联合起来的群体。员工资源小组的目的是加强工作场所关系、培养归属感、促进个人和职业成长，并最终培育整个公司社区。
员工资源小组始于 20 世纪 60 年代，旨在加强少数群体在工作场所的发言权。如今，员工资源小组代表了一般的人口群体，如女性或拉丁裔专业人士。更特殊的群体则代表单亲父母、退伍军人或癌症幸存者等人群。
员工资源小组的目的是什么？
员工资源小组利用其成员的集体努力创造归属感，并帮助他们掌握为自己代言的工具。员工资源小组还鼓励包容，并在更广泛的公司文化中实施切实的变革。它们还有助于提高士气、工作满意度和（最终）生产力。
它们的具体做法是：
为组织内代表性不足的团队成员代言
促进包容性
鼓励他人结盟
提供有利于成员职业发展的支持和资源
促进公平做法，为每个人创造积极的工作环境
提高整个组织的工作满意度
提高并保持雇主与员工之间的透明度
员工资源小组有哪些类型？
大多数人创建员工资源小组的目的是为具有某些共同背景或生活经历的人代言。其中可能包括：
性别
种族
宗教信仰
残疾
社会经济背景
性取向
年龄
父母状况
人们还围绕共同的兴趣爱好组织 ERG。最常见的小组类型有：
多样性资源小组。这些小组的工作重点是为工作场所中的少数群体成员进行宣传。
志愿者小组。这些小组通常由希望支持和回馈社区的人组成。
亲和团体。亲和团体是由希望与对特定活动或爱好有共同兴趣的同事相聚的人领导的。它们鼓励联系和社交。
职业发展小组。专业发展小组鼓励人们联系和合作，而不论资历或部门。这些小组鼓励人们分享知识和发展技能。它们还可以提供培训，如学习如何编码或公众演讲技巧。
人力资源领导为什么要关注员工资源小组？
个人在工作场所自然会与朋友建立关系。员工资源小组可以为员工提供一个支持网络，让他们可以向管理层或高层领导表达共同的担忧。
员工资源小组还可以帮助招聘认同特定群体的候选人，让他们从第一天起就有归属感。例如，女性员工关系小组可以物色候选人，并为团队中的女性提供个人指导和职业发展培训。归根结底，员工组织可以提高士气和参与度，降低离职率，加强人口多样性，让人们更加了解工作场所的意义。
为什么要加入员工资源小组？
在改善员工日常工作体验方面，员工资源小组大有可为。同时，它们还有助于培养健康的工作文化和强烈的社区意识。加入员工资源小组也是发展专业领导技能、在公司和更广泛的社区发挥作用的好方法。
如何在贵公司开展员工资源小组计划？
如果你想在你的公司成功开展员工资源小组计划，首先要关注的是员工资源小组就像他们所反映的人一样是独一无二的。为确保其成功，人力资源部门可以与员工领袖合作，帮助他们获得所需的工具和资源，使新的小组得以启动并蓬勃发展。人力资源领导者可以通过以下方式支持员工关系小组的建立和发展：
制定 ERG 章程。起草一份简单明了的文件，其中包括 ERG 附则。为了保持公平，雇主必须制定同样适用于每个 ERG 的规则。
保持 ERG 的透明度。专家工作组应制定其内部小组政策（与公司章程一致）、任务说明、宗旨、目标和角色。确定小组的身份和目标可以避免停滞不前，增加成长和成功的机会。
体现包容性。不一定符合企业资源小组标准的团队成员可能出于个人原因仍想加入。让他们加入--只要他们不扰乱团队--支持包容的公司文化。
促进不同专家工作组之间的联系。一个组织的力量在于所有部门和团队成员之间的团结意识。促进 ERG 之间建立联系的机会可以鼓励人们建立联系。例如，举办公司运动队、寻宝游戏或海滩清洁等可选的跨 EERG 娱乐活动，可以促进不同组别团队成员之间的关系。
提供领导机会。每个 ERG 都需要一名来自组内的员工领袖。人力资源专业人员和管理人员可以合作发掘新出现的领导者，并在他们担任 ERG 领导职务期间对他们进行指导。
现实世界中有哪些员工资源小组的例子？
有许多著名的员工资源小组打破了玻璃天花板，并对社区进行了再投资。以下是几个著名的员工资源小组：
青年专业人士 (TIIA)
金融服务公司 TIIA 的青年专业人员 ERG 被称为 “YoPros”，该组织为其成员组织社交活动，通过社交媒体招聘来吸引年轻一代的金融人才，并开展了许多志愿服务活动。
专业人士网络（安永会计师事务所）
安永的 “促进社会公平和包容性增长 ”倡议因其 ERG 计划和对 DEI&B 的承诺而获得了全球平等标准（GES）的认可。他们拥有十多个不同的 ERG 和员工支持小组，如倡导职业母亲、退伍军人甚至法语使用者的小组。
W@M（微软）
微软最成功的员工资源小组之一是 W@M，即 “微软女性”。她们繁忙的年度活动安排使参与者能够磨练和拓展自己的技能。她们与女性拥有的供应商建立关系，并在女性学生较多的大学组织招聘活动。
员工资源小组如何改善公司文化？
员工资源小组帮助公司为每一位团队成员提供平等的机会，并为工作场所的人们提供一个支持性的微型社区。员工资源小组还有助于增强其成员的能力，让他们能够自如地分享自己独特的声音，为营造包容、充满活力的公司文化做出贡献。
以下为文章原文：
What is an employee resource group (ERG)?
An Employee Resource Group (ERG) is a group of people within an organization who voluntarily join together based on shared identity, values, interests, perspectives, or goals. The purpose of Employee Resource Groups is to strengthen workplace relationships, foster a sense of belonging, promote personal and professional growth, and ultimately nurture the entire company community.
Employee Resource Groups began in the 1960s to bolster the voice of minorities in the workplace. Today, ERGs represent general demographic groups, such as women or Latinx professionals. More specific groups represent people like single parents, veterans, or cancer survivors.
What is the purpose of Employee Resource Groups?
Employee Resource Groups harness the collective efforts of their members to create a sense of belonging and help equip them with the tools to advocate for themselves. ERGs also encourage inclusivity, and enact tangible change within the wider company culture. They also help boost morale, job satisfaction, and (ultimately) productivity.
They do this by:
Advocating for underrepresented team members within an organization
Fostering inclusivity
Encouraging allyship from others
Providing support and resources which benefit the career trajectory of its members
Promoting fair practice, creating a positive work environment for everyone
Increasing job satisfaction across an organization
Boosting—and maintaining—transparency between employers and their people
What are some types of Employee Resource Groups?
Most people create ERGs to advocate for people with certain shared backgrounds or life experiences. These may include:
Gender
Ethnicity
Religious affiliation
Disabilities
Socioeconomic background
Sexual orientation
Age
Parental status
People also organize ERGs around shared interests. The most common types of groups are:
Diversity resource groups. These groups focus on advocating for team members who are in the minority in their workplace.
Volunteer groups. These groups are usually formed by people wishing to support and give back to the community.
Affinity groups. Affinity groups are led by people who want to meet up with colleagues who share their interest in a specific activity or hobby. They encourage connection and socializing.
Professional development groups. Professional development groups encourage people to connect and collaborate, regardless of seniority or department. These groups encourage people to share their knowledge and develop skill sets. They can also offer training, e.g., learning how to code or tips for public speaking.
Why should HR leaders care about Employee Resource Groups?
Individuals naturally build relationships with friends in the workplace. Employee Resource Groups can provide people with a support network where they can voice their shared concerns to management or senior leadership.
ERGs can also help recruit candidates who identify with a specific group and give them a sense of belonging from day one. For example, a women’s ERG may source candidates and provide women on the team with personal mentorships and career development training. Ultimately, ERGs can boost morale and engagement, lower turnover rates, strengthen demographic diversity, and give people a greater sense of meaning in the workplace.
Why should people join an Employee Resource Group?
Employee Resource Groups go a long way when it comes to improving the day-to-day employee experience. But they also help foster healthy work cultures and a strong sense of community. Joining an ERG is also a great way for people to develop their professional leadership skills, make a difference at their company, and in the wider community.
How can you start an Employee Resource Group program at your company?
If you want to start a successful ERG program at your company, the first thing to focus is on is the fact that Employee Resource Groups are as unique as the people they reflect. To ensure its success, HR can partner with employee leaders to help them access the tools and resources they need to get new groups off the ground and thrive. HR leaders can support the establishment and growth of ERGs by:
Establishing ERG bylaws. Draft a straightforward document that includes the ERG bylaws. To maintain fairness, employers must have rules that apply equally to every ERG.
Maintaining ERG transparency. ERGs should establish their internal group policies (that align with company bylaws), mission statement, purpose, objectives, and role. Defining the group identity and goals can avoid stagnation and increase the chances of growth and success.
Demonstrating inclusivity. A team member who doesn’t necessarily fit the criteria of an ERG may still want to join for personal reasons. Letting them join—as long as they don’t disrupt the group—supports an inclusive company culture.
Fostering networking between different ERGs. An organization’s strength lies in the sense of unity between all departments and team members. Facilitating inter-ERG networking opportunities encourages people to connect. Holding optional cross-ERG recreational activities such as company sports teams, scavenger hunts, or beach clean-ups, for example, can foster relationships between team members across different groups.
Providing leadership opportunities. Each ERG needs an employee leader from within the group. HR professionals and managers can collaborate to identify emerging leaders and coach them throughout their ERG leadership position.
What are some examples of real-world Employee Resource Groups?
There are many notable ERGs shattering glass ceilings and reinvesting in their communities. Here are a few notable ERGs:
YoPros (TIIA)
The Young Professionals ERG—dubbed “YoPros”—at financial services firm, TIIA, organizes social events for its members, deploys social media recruitment to attract the younger generation of finance talent, and carries out numerous volunteering initiatives.
Professionals Network (Ernst and Young)
Ernst and Young’s initiative to “advance social equity and inclusive growth” received global equality standard (GES) recognition for its ERG programs and commitment to DEI&B. They have more than a dozen different ERGs and employee support groups, such as groups advocating for working mothers, veterans, and even French speakers.
W@M (Microsoft)
One of the most successful ERGs at Microsoft is W@M, or “Women at Microsoft.” Their busy annual events schedule enables participants to hone and expand their skill sets. They cultivate relationships with women-owned suppliers and organize recruitment drives at colleges where many students are women.
How can an Employee Resource Group improve company culture?
ERGs help companies offer equal opportunities for every team member and can provide a supportive micro-community for people in the workplace. They also help empower their members to feel comfortable sharing their unique voices and contributing to an inclusive and vibrant company culture.
提高工作满意度
2024年06月07日
提高工作满意度
【HR术语】什么是工作充实？（What is job enrichment?）
什么是工作充实？
工作丰富化是一种激励策略，其重点是使人们从事的工作更有价值、更令人满意。更具体地说，工作丰富化为个人成就提供了更大的空间、更具挑战性的工作、更多的责任以及个人成长和发展的机会。
我们都希望对自己所从事的工作感觉良好，但只有 15%的人对自己的工作感到投入。这就是工作丰富化发挥重要作用的地方，它能让团队成员更快乐、更有动力。
工作丰富化的例子
人们喜欢挑战、被接受和被重视的感觉。人力资源经理需要采取正确的工作充实策略来持续促进这种感觉，从而培养职场参与度。
那么，该从哪里入手呢？有帮助的是，这些策略可分为四大类和技巧：
增加职位的难度和责任。例如，可以让团队成员在日常工作中拥有更多的自主权或控制权。
增加需要新技能的新任务。这将有助于增加角色的趣味性，促进团队成员的专业和个人发展。
让团队成员参与决策过程。这应该与团队成员的工作或部门相关，能让他们感觉到自己在工作中更有价值、更投入。
提供培训机会，促进职业发展。这样，员工就能在现有技能的基础上更上一层楼，避免停滞不前。
工作丰富化和工作扩大化有什么区别？
工作充实和工作扩展这两个词经常被混淆。我们知道，工作充实是指让工作变得更有趣、更有挑战性、更有回报--其中大部分涉及在工作中增加更有意义的任务。
然而，工作扩大化是指增加工作的广度，增加更多难度或技能水平相似的任务。这被认为是纵向的工作扩展，即在某一技能范围内增加职责，从而减少无聊感，但并不一定能提高工作积极性。
从本质上讲，这两种策略都是为了提高工作满意度，但工作丰富化是通过使工作更复杂、更有价值来实现的，而工作扩大化只是使工作更多样化。
工作丰富化有哪些好处？
以下是丰富工作内容能改善员工体验的好处：
提高工作满意度
当任务变得更加复杂、更有意义时，工作内容的丰富化会使工作更有满足感，从而使团队成员更加快乐，工作环境更加积极向上。
成功留住人才
对工作的满意度意味着你的优秀人才不太可能离开。这可以降低与高离职率相关的成本，也意味着企业在顶尖人才的掌舵下不断向前发展。
减少缺勤
美国雇主每年每小时员工的旷工成本为 3,600 美元。因此，当团队成员有参与感时，他们就会更加投入、更有动力，并随时准备投入最佳工作。
继任规划和职业发展
对员工提出挑战意味着你可以看到他们真正的潜力和能力。大家都知道，从公司内部招聘人才的成本效益要高得多，而丰富工作内容则是一种简便的方法，可以让你感觉到哪些人非常适合在未来担任更高级别的职位。
授权带来生产力
当人们感到自己有能力时，生产力就会开始飙升。授权有助于建立自尊，而自尊来自于自主、信任和责任。
工作丰富化有哪些挑战？
工作丰富化有很多好处，但与任何事情一样，它也伴随着潜在的挑战：
技能组合错位。新的任务和职责必须与团队成员的职业目标相一致。如果团队成员对复杂的任务不感兴趣，或者根本就不在自己的技能范围内，就会导致不满情绪的产生。
增加工作量。如果管理不当，工作丰富化可能会造成任务超负荷，从而导致倦怠。关键是要为员工提供资源和支持，以应对增加的责任。
需要培训和支持。承担新的技能和复杂的任务可能意味着团队成员需要额外的培训和持续的支持。这就需要对预算和资源管理进行细致的前瞻性观察，以确保培训成本不会飙升。
人力资源技术如何帮助丰富工作内容？
人力资源技术可以成为工作丰富化道路上的盟友。它可以帮助识别员工的优势和能力，使他们更容易匹配具有挑战性和满足感的任务和角色。反过来，这也可以通过识别准备好进行角色转换的人员，支持继任规划和职业发展。
提供反馈和认可空间的人力资源平台是工作丰富化的一个关键部分，尤其是在人们追求新技能和接受挑战的时候。为同事点赞是一种很好的激励方式，能让人们对自己的工作感到满意。
与此同时，人力资源平台还可以提供反馈功能，如员工满意度调查。这可以让您监测工作丰富化的效果如何，以及哪些方面需要改变。
以下为文章原文：
What is job enrichment?
Job enrichment is a motivational strategy that focuses on making the work people do more rewarding and satisfying. More specifically, job enrichment gives greater scope for personal achievement, more challenging work, more responsibility, and the opportunity for personal growth and development.
We all want to feel good about the work we’re doing, yet only 15% of people feel engaged with their work. This is where job enrichment plays a vital role, leading to happier, more motivated team members.
Examples of job enrichment
People like to feel challenged, accepted, and valued. HR managers need to adopt the right job enrichment strategies to facilitate this on an ongoing basis, so they can nurture workplace engagement.
So, where to start? Helpfully, these strategies fall into four main categories and techniques:
Increasing the level of difficulty and responsibility of a role. This could involve giving a team member more autonomy or control over their day-to-day tasks, for example.
Adding new tasks that require new skills. This will help make the role more interesting and add to the team member’s professional and personal development.
Making team members part of the decision-making process. This should be related to their job or department and can help people feel more valued and invested in their work.
Offering training opportunities to propel career development. So people can build on their existing skillset and stop stagnation from creeping in.
What’s the difference between job enrichment and job enlargement?
Job enrichment and job enlargement are terms that often get confused. We know that job enrichment is about making a job more interesting, challenging, and rewarding—and much of this involves adding more meaningful tasks into the mix.
However, job enlargement involves ramping up the breadth of a job and adding more tasks of a similar level of difficulty or skill. It’s thought of as vertical job expansion, where adding responsibilities within a skillset reduces boredom but doesn’t necessarily increase motivation.
In essence, both strategies aim to increase job satisfaction, but job enrichment does it by making a job more complex and rewarding, while job enlargement simply makes a job more varied.
What are the benefits of job enrichment?
Here are the benefits of job enrichment that will improve the employee experience:
Greater job satisfaction
When tasks are more complex and meaningful, job enrichment makes the job more satisfying—and you get happier team members and a more positive working environment as a result.
Success with retaining talent
Satisfaction in a job means your top talent will be less likely to leave. This can reduce the costs that are linked with high turnover rates, and also means that the business keeps moving forward with top talent at the helm.
Reduced absenteeism
Absenteeism costs U.S. employers $3,600 per hourly employee per year. It makes sense that when team members feel engaged they will be more present, more motivated, and turn up ready to do their best work.
Succession planning and career pathing
Challenging people means you can see their true potential and capabilities emerge. As you know, it’s far more cost-effective to recruit from within your company—and job enrichment is an easy way to sense-check who would be a great fit for higher-level roles in the future.
Empowerment leads to productivity
When people feel empowered, productivity starts to soar. Empowerment helps to build self-esteem, which springs from autonomy, trust, and responsibility.
What are the challenges with job enrichment?
Job enrichment comes with many benefits, but—like everything—it comes with potential challenges:
A misalignment of skillsets. It’s important that new tasks and responsibilities are in line with a team member’s career goals. Loading on complex tasks that aren’t of interest, or simply aren’t within a person’s skillset can actually lead to dissatisfaction.
Increased workload. When not managed properly, job enrichment can cause an overload of tasks that could result in burnout. It’s key that employees are given the resources and support to handle the increased responsibility.
A need for training and support. Taking on new skills and complex tasks may mean a team member needs extra training and ongoing support. This will need careful foresight to watch over budget and resource management to make sure training costs don’t spiral.
How can HR tech help with job enrichment?
HR tech can be an ally on the road to job enrichment. It can help identify the strengths and abilities of employees, making it easier to match them with tasks and roles that are challenging and satisfying. In turn, this can also support succession planning and career pathing by identifying the people who are ready for a role shift.
An HR platform that gives space for feedback and recognition is a key part of job enrichment, especially as people are reaching for new skillsets and taking on challenges. Giving kudos to colleagues can be a great way to motivate and make people feel good about their work.
Alongside this, HR platforms can offer a feedback feature such as an employee satisfaction survey. This lets you monitor how well job enrichment is working—and what needs to change.
提高工作满意度
提高工作满意度
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